Substance use and psychiatric outcomes following substance use disorder treatment: An 18-month prospective cohort study in Chile.
Evidence from high-income countries has linked duration and compliance with treatment for substance use disorders (SUDs) with reductions in substance use and improvements in mental health. Generalizing these findings to other regions like South America, where opioid and injection drug use is uncommon, is not straightforward. We examined if length of time in treatment and […]
Examining the risk of delirium in patients hospitalized with COVID-19: Insights from the homeless population.
For patients hospitalized with COVID-19, delirium is a serious and under-recognized complication, and people experiencing homelessness (PEH) may be at greater risk. This retrospective cohort study compared delirium-associated risk factors and clinical outcomes between PEH and non-PEH. This study used patient records from 154 hospitals discharged from 2020-2021 from the Texas Inpatient Public Use Data […]
Examining the association between fentanyl use and perceived adequacy of methadone dose: A retrospective cohort study.
People exposed to fentanyl may report that the dose of methadone in the commonly accepted therapeutic range feels too low. We examined self-reported methadone dose adequacy. We conducted a retrospective cohort study of individuals prescribed methadone at a dose of at least 60mg daily using data from three community-recruited prospective cohort studies of people who […]
Impulsivity behaviors and white matter mediate the relationship between genetic risk for cannabis use disorder and early cannabis use in adolescents.
Cannabis use disorder (CUD) is strongly influenced by genetic factors; however the mechanisms underpinning this association are not well understood. This study investigated whether a polygenic risk score (PRS) based on a genome-wide association study for CUD in adults predicts cannabis use in adolescents and whether the association can be explained by inter-individual variation in […]
Patient factors associated with treatment completion in a 12-week inpatient dual diagnosis treatment program.
ObjectiveTo identify whether mental health wellbeing, age, gender or recent substance use pattern affected completion rates of a dual diagnosis inpatient program.MethodThis retrospective cohort study reviewed medical records of patients admitted between October 2018 and December 2021 of Westside Lodge, a dual diagnosis inpatient program. Demographic information, mental health screening tool results (BASIS-24) and self-reported […]
Alcohol and substance use differentially impact suicidal ideation in a longitudinal cohort of bipolar disorder.
Across bipolar disorders (BSDs), alcohol and substance use and suicidal ideation (SI) contribute to increased rates of morbidity and mortality. The goal of the present study was to investigate temporal relationships between the intensity/frequency (I/F) of use and impairment related to alcohol and substance use and SI in a longitudinal BSD cohort. Participants with BDI […]
Epidemiology of New Psychoactive Substances in Relation to Traditional Drugs of Abuse in Clinical Oral Fluid Samples.
New psychoactive substances (NPS) are health-hazardous through unpredictable toxicity and effects and largely unknown epidemiology, motivating studies of the latter. Up to 138 NPS were retrospectively identified using liquid chromatography-high resolution mass spectrometry data from all 34 183 oral fluid drug samples collected in one Swedish health care region 2019-2020 representing 9468 psychiatric and addiction care […]
Prognostic impact of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease on short-term and long-term outcomes following coronary artery bypass grafting.
Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) is a common condition that complicates major surgeries like coronary artery bypass grafting (CABG). This study aims to evaluate the impact of COPD on the outcome of CABG. A registry-based retrospective cohort study included individuals who received CABG between 2009 and 2016. Data were collected on patient demographics, intraoperative factors, […]
Factors Associated With Cocaine Use at 17 and 20 Years Old: A Longitudinal Analysis of a Nationally Representative Cohort.
Despite growing concerns about trends in cocaine use, there is a shortage of longitudinal research that prospectively examines risk and protective factors associated with cocaine initiation and use in general youth populations. This study addresses this gap. Growing Up in Ireland is a nationally representative cohort. Individual, family, and socio-environmental exposures associated with incident past-year […]
Hospitalization for carbon monoxide poisoning is associated with substance use and mood disorders.
Carbon monoxide (CO) poisoning continues to result in hospitalization and mortality. We sought to analyze risk factors associated with inpatient admission for CO poisoning. Retrospective study of the US National Inpatient Sample (NIS) database. All adults with ICD-10 code for CO poisoning from 01/01/2016 to 12/31/2020 were identified. Demographics, co-morbid conditions, insurance type, household income, […]
Partial Dopamine D2/3 Agonists and Dual Disorders: A Retrospective-Cohort Study in a Real-World Clinical Setting on Patients with Schizophrenia Spectrum Disorders and Cannabis Use Disorder.
Schizophrenia with substance use disorder is a complex clinical condition that may increase treatment resistance. Cannabis use disorder is frequently associated with psychosis and the causal link has still to be defined. Partial D2/3 agonists may ensure limbic dopamine release normalization while avoiding reduced frontocortical dopamine release, which would contribute to negative symptoms. We aimed […]
Longitudinal impact of impulsivity and sensation-seeking on vaping initiation: The moderating role of peer vaping.
Limited research indicates impulsivity and sensation-seeking are associated with electronic nicotine delivery systems (ENDS) use in young adulthood, however, no study has examined the moderating effect of peer ENDS use on these associations. We examined the impacts of impulsivity and sensation-seeking on ENDS use initiation and determined if peer ENDS use moderates these associations. Participants […]
[Impact of dronabinol shortage on a population of chronic pain patients: A retrospective observational study].
A supply shortage of dronabinol occurred between December 2023 and February 2024, forcing chronic pain patients to discontinue this treatment. We assessed the impact of this shortage on patients in our hospital. A retrospective observational study of patients treated with dronabinol was conducted. Collected data included socio-demographic, pharmacological and clinical data. Pain intensity and its […]
The association of state policies and opioid analgesic amount dispensed from retail pharmacies.
States have implemented multiple policies likely to influence opioid prescribing; few national general population studies examine those policies’ effects on per-capita opioid morphine milligram equivalents (MME) dispensed. To examine state policies’ effects on opioids per-capita MMEs dispensed at retail pharmacies. A longitudinal study of associations between MME per capita and implementation of policy interventions at […]
Effect of Perceived Neighborhood Environment on Cannabis Use during Pregnancy among African American Women.
Environmental context is an important predictor of health behavior. Understanding its effect on cannabis use among pregnant women is yet to be understood. The aim of the study is to assess the impact of perceived neighborhood environment on prenatal cannabis use and explore the mediating role of stress. Data are from the Life-Course Influences on […]
Is methamphetamine blood concentration in emergency department patients associated with the clinical picture?
This study aimed to describe clinical features and outcomes of patients presenting to the emergency department with analytically confirmed methamphetamine intoxication, to determine the blood concentration of methamphetamine and to test its association with clinical findings. The Western Australian Illicit Substance Evaluation (WISE) study is a prospective observational cohort study. Royal Perth Hospital Emergency Department, […]
Orthopedic Patients Are Highly Amenable to Cannabis-Based Products for the Treatment of Musculoskeletal Pain.
Tetrahydrocannabinol (THC)-based and cannabidiol (CBD)-based products are increasing in popularity for the management of pain. Cannabis-based products may serve as a valuable alternative to traditional analgesics such as opioids for pain management among orthopedic patients. The purpose of this study was to investigate the perspective of orthopedic sports medicine patients regarding the use of THC- […]
Oral lesions and disorders and their prevalence arising from the use of illicit drugs in a prison population.
The dependence on the illicit drugs has been proven to be harmful to the oral cavity and may lead to a series of abnormal manifestations. The main objective of this study was to observe the effects caused by the consumption of illicit drugs in the oral cavity, in a prison population in the North of […]