Did the Clinical Spectrum of Thromboangiitis Obliterans Change in the Past 40 Years?

Thromboangiitis obliterans (TAO) is an inflammatory disease that usually affects small and medium-sized arteries in the upper and lower limbs of young smokers. Previous studies showed that the spectrum TAO has changed in the 80s: the male-to-female ratio decreased, older patients were diagnosed, and upper limb involvement was more common. The aim of our study was to assess the changing clinical spectrum of TAO in France during the past 40 years. All consecutive patients fulfilling TAO's criteria between January 1967 and January 2016 were retrospectively included in 3 departments of internal medicine. We compared TAO features in patients diagnosed before and after 2002; 141 (77.5%) men and 41 (22.5%) women were included. Patients diagnosed after 2002 were older (37 [31-39] vs 34 [29-35] years = .03), had a more frequent isolated upper limb involvement (34.3% vs 7.8% = .001), and less frequent isolated lower limb involvement (55.7% vs 74.5%, < .001). The clinical spectrum of TAO has changed in France since the beginning of the 21st century.