Endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography (ERCP) training remains challenging. This study used 3D printing techniques to develop and optimize a portable ERCP training simulator and to implement basic and advanced practical techniques. Subsequently, we aimed to determine whether endoscopy trainees acquired proficiency in ERCP techniques and assess any improvements in their skill levels from using this model. An ERCP training model was generated using 3D printing techniques, including five distinct interchangeable and transparent ampullar-common bile duct (CBD) modules.
